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Start the new Hush v3 whitepaper, a concise description of the new Hush and how it differs from the old Hush

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Jonathan "Duke" Leto 5 years ago
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  1. 18
      whitepaper/v3/Makefile
  2. 9
      whitepaper/v3/README.md
  3. 485
      whitepaper/v3/hush-v3.tex
  4. 1
      whitepaper/v3/hush-v3.ver
  5. 576
      whitepaper/v3/hush.bib

18
whitepaper/v3/Makefile
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hush-v3.pdf: hush-v3.tex hush.bib
$(MAKE) pdf
LATEX=pdflatex
.PHONY: pdf
pdf:
printf '\\renewcommand{\\docversion}{Version %s}' "$$(git describe --tags --abbrev=6)" |tee hush-v3.ver
# If $(LATEX) fails, touch an input so that 'make' won't think it is up-to-date next time.
rm -f hush-v3.aux hush-v3.bbl hush-v3.blg hush-v3.brf hush-v3.bcf
$(LATEX) hush-v3.tex
biber hush-v3
$(LATEX) hush-v3.tex
$(LATEX) hush-v3.tex
$(LATEX) hush-v3.tex
.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm -f hush-v3.dvi hush-v3.pdf hush-v3.bbl hush-v3.blg hush-v3.brf hush-v3.toc hush-v3.aux hush-v3.out hush-v3.log hush-v3.bcf hush-v3.run.xml hush-v3.ver

9
whitepaper/v3/README.md
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# Hush V3 WhitePaper
Build dependencies on Debian-based systems include, at least:
apt-get install texlive texlive-science texlive-fonts-extra texlive-generic-recommended biber
# Building the WhitePaper
make

485
whitepaper/v3/hush-v3.tex
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\documentclass{article}
\RequirePackage{amsmath}
\RequirePackage{bytefield}
\RequirePackage{graphicx}
\RequirePackage{newtxmath}
\RequirePackage{mathtools}
\RequirePackage{xspace}
\RequirePackage{url}
\RequirePackage{changepage}
\RequirePackage{enumitem}
\RequirePackage{tabularx}
\RequirePackage{hhline}
\RequirePackage[usestackEOL]{stackengine}
\RequirePackage{comment}
\RequirePackage{needspace}
\RequirePackage[nobottomtitles]{titlesec}
\RequirePackage[hang]{footmisc}
\RequirePackage{xstring}
\RequirePackage[unicode,bookmarksnumbered,bookmarksopen,pdfview=Fit]{hyperref}
\RequirePackage{cleveref}
\RequirePackage{nameref}
\RequirePackage[style=alphabetic,maxbibnames=99,dateabbrev=false,urldate=iso8601,backref=true,backrefstyle=none,backend=biber]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{hush.bib}
% Fonts
\RequirePackage{lmodern}
\RequirePackage{quattrocento}
\RequirePackage[bb=ams]{mathalfa}
% Quattrocento is beautiful but doesn't have an italic face. So we scale
% New Century Schoolbook italic to fit in with slanted Quattrocento and
% match its x height.
\renewcommand{\emph}[1]{\hspace{0.15em}{\fontfamily{pnc}\selectfont\scalebox{1.02}[0.999]{\textit{#1}}}\hspace{0.02em}}
% While we're at it, let's match the tt x height to Quattrocento as well.
\let\oldtexttt\texttt
\let\oldmathtt\mathtt
\renewcommand{\texttt}[1]{\scalebox{1.02}[1.07]{\oldtexttt{#1}}}
\renewcommand{\mathtt}[1]{\scalebox{1.02}[1.07]{$\oldmathtt{#1}$}}
\newcommand{\zsendmany}{\textbf{z\_sendmany}}
% bold but not extended
\newcommand{\textbnx}[1]{{\fontseries{b}\selectfont #1}}
\crefformat{footnote}{#2\footnotemark[#1]#3}
\DeclareLabelalphaTemplate{
\labelelement{\field{citekey}}
}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{english}{
page = {page},
pages = {pages},
backrefpage = {\mbox{$\uparrow$ p\!}},
backrefpages = {\mbox{$\uparrow$ p\!}}
}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.25in}
\setlength{\textwidth}{7in}
\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.75in}
\setlength{\textheight}{9.2in}
\setlength{\parindent}{0ex}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4}
\overfullrule=2cm
\setlength{\footnotemargin}{0.6em}
\setlength{\footnotesep}{2ex}
\addtolength{\skip\footins}{3ex}
\renewcommand{\bottomtitlespace}{8ex}
% Use rubber lengths between paragraphs to improve default pagination.
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/17178/vertical-spacing-pagination-and-ideal-results
\setlength{\parskip}{1.5ex plus 1pt minus 1pt}
\setlist[enumerate]{before=\vspace{-1ex}}
\setlist[itemize]{itemsep=0.5ex,topsep=0.2ex,before=\vspace{-1ex},after=\vspace{1.5ex}}
\newlist{formulae}{itemize}{3}
\setlist[formulae]{itemsep=0.2ex,topsep=0ex,leftmargin=1.5em,label=,after=\vspace{1.5ex}}
\newcommand{\docversion}{Pre-Release Version}
\newcommand{\termbf}[1]{\textbf{#1}\xspace}
\newcommand{\Hushlist}{\termbf{HushList}}
\newcommand{\HushList}{\termbf{HushList}}
\newcommand{\Hushlists}{\termbf{HushLists}}
\newcommand{\HushLists}{\termbf{HushLists}}
\newcommand{\doctitle}{Hush Version 3}
\newcommand{\leadauthor}{Duke Leto}
\newcommand{\keywords}{anonymity, freedom of speech, cryptographic protocols,\
electronic commerce and payment, financial privacy, proof of work, zero knowledge}
\hypersetup{
pdfborderstyle={/S/U/W 0.7},
pdfinfo={
Title={\doctitle, \docversion},
Author={\leadauthor},
Keywords={\keywords}
}
}
\makeatletter
\renewcommand*{\@fnsymbol}[1]{\ensuremath{\ifcase#1\or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
\mathsection\or \mathparagraph\else\@ctrerr\fi}}
\makeatother
\renewcommand{\sectionautorefname}{\S\!}
\renewcommand{\subsectionautorefname}{\S\!}
\renewcommand{\subsubsectionautorefname}{\S\!}
\renewcommand{\subparagraphautorefname}{\S\!}
\newcommand{\crossref}[1]{\autoref{#1}\, \emph{`\nameref*{#1}\kern -0.05em'} on p.\,\pageref*{#1}}
\newcommand{\nstrut}[1]{\texorpdfstring{#1\rule[-.2\baselineskip]{0pt}{\baselineskip}}{#1}}
\newcommand{\nsection}[1]{\section{\nstrut{#1}}}
\newcommand{\nsubsection}[1]{\subsection{\nstrut{#1}}}
\newcommand{\nsubsubsection}[1]{\subsubsection{\nstrut{#1}}}
\newcommand{\introlist}{\needspace{15ex}}
\newcommand{\introsection}{\needspace{30ex}}
\mathchardef\mhyphen="2D
% http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/309445/78411
\DeclareFontFamily{U}{FdSymbolA}{}
\DeclareFontShape{U}{FdSymbolA}{m}{n}{
<-> s*[.4] FdSymbolA-Regular
}{}
\DeclareSymbolFont{fdsymbol}{U}{FdSymbolA}{m}{n}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\smallcirc}{\mathord}{fdsymbol}{"60}
\makeatletter
\newcommand{\hollowcolon}{\mathpalette\hollow@colon\relax}
\newcommand{\hollow@colon}[2]{
\mspace{0.7mu}
\vbox{\hbox{$\m@th#1\smallcirc$}\nointerlineskip\kern.45ex \hbox{$\m@th#1\smallcirc$}\kern-.06ex}
\mspace{1mu}
}
\makeatother
\newcommand{\typecolon}{\;\hollowcolon\;}
% We just want one ampersand symbol from boisik.
\DeclareSymbolFont{bskadd}{U}{bskma}{m}{n}
\DeclareFontFamily{U}{bskma}{\skewchar\font130 }
\DeclareFontShape{U}{bskma}{m}{n}{<->bskma10}{}
\DeclareMathSymbol{\binampersand}{\mathbin}{bskadd}{"EE}
\newcommand{\hairspace}{~\!}
\newcommand{\hparen}{\hphantom{(}}
\newcommand{\hfrac}[2]{\scalebox{0.8}{$\genfrac{}{}{0.5pt}{0}{#1}{#2}$}}
\RequirePackage[usenames,dvipsnames]{xcolor}
% https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Colors#The_68_standard_colors_known_to_dvips
\newcommand{\todo}[1]{{\color{Sepia}\sf{TODO: #1}}}
\newcommand{\changedcolor}{magenta}
\newcommand{\setchanged}{\color{\changedcolor}}
\newcommand{\changed}[1]{\texorpdfstring{{\setchanged{#1}}}{#1}}
% terminology
\newcommand{\term}[1]{\textsl{#1}\kern 0.05em\xspace}
\newcommand{\titleterm}[1]{#1}
\newcommand{\quotedterm}[1]{``~\!\!\term{#1}''}
\newcommand{\conformance}[1]{\textbnx{#1}\xspace}
\newcommand{\Zcash}{\termbf{Zcash}}
\newcommand{\Hush}{\termbf{Hush}}
\newcommand{\Zerocash}{\termbf{Zerocash}}
\newcommand{\Bitcoin}{\termbf{Bitcoin}}
\newcommand{\CryptoNote}{\termbf{CryptoNote}}
\newcommand{\ZEC}{\termbf{ZEC}}
\newcommand{\ZEN}{\termbf{ZEN}}
\newcommand{\ZCL}{\termbf{ZCL}}
\newcommand{\KMD}{\termbf{KMD}}
\newcommand{\BTCH}{\termbf{BTCH}}
\newcommand{\BTCP}{\termbf{BTCP}}
\newcommand{\ZAU}{\termbf{ZAU}}
\newcommand{\VOT}{\termbf{VOT}}
\newcommand{\BTCZ}{\termbf{BTCZ}}
\newcommand{\LTZ}{\termbf{LTZ}}
\newcommand{\HUSH}{\termbf{HUSH}}
\newcommand{\zatoshi}{\term{zatoshi}}
\newcommand{\puposhi}{\term{puposhi}}
\newcommand{\zcashd}{\textsf{zcashd}\,}
\newcommand{\hushd}{\textsf{hushd}\,}
\newcommand{\MUST}{\conformance{MUST}}
\newcommand{\MUSTNOT}{\conformance{MUST NOT}}
\newcommand{\SHOULD}{\conformance{SHOULD}}
\newcommand{\SHOULDNOT}{\conformance{SHOULD NOT}}
\newcommand{\ALLCAPS}{\conformance{ALL CAPS}}
\newcommand{\note}{\term{note}}
\newcommand{\notes}{\term{notes}}
\newcommand{\Note}{\titleterm{Note}}
\newcommand{\Notes}{\titleterm{Notes}}
\newcommand{\dummy}{\term{dummy}}
\newcommand{\dummyNotes}{\term{dummy notes}}
\newcommand{\DummyNotes}{\titleterm{Dummy Notes}}
\newcommand{\commitmentScheme}{\term{commitment scheme}}
\newcommand{\commitmentTrapdoor}{\term{commitment trapdoor}}
\newcommand{\commitmentTrapdoors}{\term{commitment trapdoors}}
\newcommand{\trapdoor}{\term{trapdoor}}
\newcommand{\noteCommitment}{\term{note commitment}}
\newcommand{\noteCommitments}{\term{note commitments}}
\newcommand{\NoteCommitment}{\titleterm{Note Commitment}}
\newcommand{\NoteCommitments}{\titleterm{Note Commitments}}
\newcommand{\noteCommitmentTree}{\term{note commitment tree}}
\newcommand{\NoteCommitmentTree}{\titleterm{Note Commitment Tree}}
\newcommand{\noteTraceabilitySet}{\term{note traceability set}}
\newcommand{\noteTraceabilitySets}{\term{note traceability sets}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitDescription}{\term{JoinSplit description}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitDescriptions}{\term{JoinSplit descriptions}}
\newcommand{\JoinSplitDescriptions}{\titleterm{JoinSplit Descriptions}}
\newcommand{\sequenceOfJoinSplitDescriptions}{\changed{sequence of} \joinSplitDescription\changed{\term{s}}\xspace}
\newcommand{\joinSplitTransfer}{\term{JoinSplit transfer}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitTransfers}{\term{JoinSplit transfers}}
\newcommand{\JoinSplitTransfer}{\titleterm{JoinSplit Transfer}}
\newcommand{\JoinSplitTransfers}{\titleterm{JoinSplit Transfers}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitSignature}{\term{JoinSplit signature}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitSignatures}{\term{JoinSplit signatures}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitSigningKey}{\term{JoinSplit signing key}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitVerifyingKey}{\term{JoinSplit verifying key}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitStatement}{\term{JoinSplit statement}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitStatements}{\term{JoinSplit statements}}
\newcommand{\JoinSplitStatement}{\titleterm{JoinSplit Statement}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitProof}{\term{JoinSplit proof}}
\newcommand{\statement}{\term{statement}}
\newcommand{\zeroKnowledgeProof}{\term{zero-knowledge proof}}
\newcommand{\ZeroKnowledgeProofs}{\titleterm{Zero-Knowledge Proofs}}
\newcommand{\provingSystem}{\term{proving system}}
\newcommand{\zeroKnowledgeProvingSystem}{\term{zero-knowledge proving system}}
\newcommand{\ZeroKnowledgeProvingSystem}{\titleterm{Zero-Knowledge Proving System}}
\newcommand{\ppzkSNARK}{\term{preprocessing zk-SNARK}}
\newcommand{\provingKey}{\term{proving key}}
\newcommand{\zkProvingKeys}{\term{zero-knowledge proving keys}}
\newcommand{\verifyingKey}{\term{verifying key}}
\newcommand{\zkVerifyingKeys}{\term{zero-knowledge verifying keys}}
\newcommand{\joinSplitParameters}{\term{JoinSplit parameters}}
\newcommand{\JoinSplitParameters}{\titleterm{JoinSplit Parameters}}
\newcommand{\arithmeticCircuit}{\term{arithmetic circuit}}
\newcommand{\rankOneConstraintSystem}{\term{Rank 1 Constraint System}}
\newcommand{\primary}{\term{primary}}
\newcommand{\primaryInput}{\term{primary input}}
\newcommand{\primaryInputs}{\term{primary inputs}}
\newcommand{\auxiliaryInput}{\term{auxiliary input}}
\newcommand{\auxiliaryInputs}{\term{auxiliary inputs}}
\newcommand{\fullnode}{\term{full node}}
\newcommand{\fullnodes}{\term{full nodes}}
\newcommand{\anchor}{\term{anchor}}
\newcommand{\anchors}{\term{anchors}}
\newcommand{\UTXO}{\term{UTXO}}
\newcommand{\UTXOs}{\term{UTXOs}}
\newcommand{\block}{\term{block}}
\newcommand{\blocks}{\term{blocks}}
\newcommand{\header}{\term{header}}
\newcommand{\headers}{\term{headers}}
\newcommand{\blockHeader}{\term{block header}}
\newcommand{\blockHeaders}{\term{block headers}}
\newcommand{\Blockheader}{\term{Block header}}
\newcommand{\BlockHeader}{\titleterm{Block Header}}
\newcommand{\blockVersionNumber}{\term{block version number}}
\newcommand{\blockVersionNumbers}{\term{block version numbers}}
\newcommand{\Blockversions}{\term{Block versions}}
\newcommand{\blockTime}{\term{block time}}
\newcommand{\blockHeight}{\term{block height}}
\newcommand{\blockHeights}{\term{block heights}}
\newcommand{\genesisBlock}{\term{genesis block}}
\newcommand{\transaction}{\term{transaction}}
\newcommand{\transactions}{\term{transactions}}
\newcommand{\Transactions}{\titleterm{Transactions}}
\newcommand{\transactionFee}{\term{transaction fee}}
\newcommand{\transactionFees}{\term{transaction fees}}
\newcommand{\transactionVersionNumber}{\term{transaction version number}}
\newcommand{\transactionVersionNumbers}{\term{transaction version numbers}}
\newcommand{\Transactionversion}{\term{Transaction version}}
\newcommand{\coinbaseTransaction}{\term{coinbase transaction}}
\newcommand{\coinbaseTransactions}{\term{coinbase transactions}}
\newcommand{\CoinbaseTransactions}{\titleterm{Coinbase Transactions}}
\newcommand{\transparent}{\term{transparent}}
\newcommand{\xTransparent}{\term{Transparent}}
\newcommand{\Transparent}{\titleterm{Transparent}}
\newcommand{\transparentValuePool}{\term{transparent value pool}}
\newcommand{\deshielding}{\term{deshielding}}
\newcommand{\shielding}{\term{shielding}}
\newcommand{\shielded}{\term{shielded}}
\newcommand{\shieldedXTN}{\term{shielded} $ t \rightarrow z $ transaction}
\newcommand{\shieldedXTNs}{\term{shielded} $ t \rightarrow z $ transactions}
\newcommand{\shieldedNote}{\term{shielded note}}
\newcommand{\shieldedNotes}{\term{shielded notes}}
\newcommand{\xShielded}{\term{Shielded}}
\newcommand{\Shielded}{\titleterm{Shielded}}
\newcommand{\blockchain}{\term{block chain}}
\newcommand{\blockchains}{\term{block chains}}
\newcommand{\mempool}{\term{mempool}}
\newcommand{\treestate}{\term{treestate}}
\newcommand{\treestates}{\term{treestates}}
\newcommand{\nullifier}{\term{nullifier}}
\newcommand{\nullifiers}{\term{nullifiers}}
\newcommand{\xNullifiers}{\term{Nullifiers}}
\newcommand{\Nullifier}{\titleterm{Nullifier}}
\newcommand{\Nullifiers}{\titleterm{Nullifiers}}
\newcommand{\nullifierSet}{\term{nullifier set}}
\newcommand{\NullifierSet}{\titleterm{Nullifier Set}}
% Daira: This doesn't adequately distinguish between zk stuff and transparent stuff
\newcommand{\paymentAddress}{\term{payment address}}
\newcommand{\paymentAddresses}{\term{payment addresses}}
\newcommand{\viewingKey}{\term{viewing key}}
\newcommand{\viewingKeys}{\term{viewing keys}}
\newcommand{\spendingKey}{\term{spending key}}
\newcommand{\spendingKeys}{\term{spending keys}}
\newcommand{\payingKey}{\term{paying key}}
\newcommand{\transmissionKey}{\term{transmission key}}
\newcommand{\transmissionKeys}{\term{transmission keys}}
\newcommand{\keyTuple}{\term{key tuple}}
\newcommand{\notePlaintext}{\term{note plaintext}}
\newcommand{\notePlaintexts}{\term{note plaintexts}}
\newcommand{\NotePlaintexts}{\titleterm{Note Plaintexts}}
\newcommand{\notesCiphertext}{\term{transmitted notes ciphertext}}
\newcommand{\incrementalMerkleTree}{\term{incremental Merkle tree}}
\newcommand{\merkleRoot}{\term{root}}
\newcommand{\merkleNode}{\term{node}}
\newcommand{\merkleNodes}{\term{nodes}}
\newcommand{\merkleHash}{\term{hash value}}
\newcommand{\merkleHashes}{\term{hash values}}
\newcommand{\merkleLeafNode}{\term{leaf node}}
\newcommand{\merkleLeafNodes}{\term{leaf nodes}}
\newcommand{\merkleInternalNode}{\term{internal node}}
\newcommand{\merkleInternalNodes}{\term{internal nodes}}
\newcommand{\MerkleInternalNodes}{\term{Internal nodes}}
\newcommand{\merklePath}{\term{path}}
\newcommand{\merkleLayer}{\term{layer}}
\newcommand{\merkleLayers}{\term{layers}}
\newcommand{\merkleIndex}{\term{index}}
\newcommand{\merkleIndices}{\term{indices}}
\newcommand{\zkSNARK}{\term{zk-SNARK}}
\newcommand{\zkSNARKs}{\term{zk-SNARKs}}
\newcommand{\libsnark}{\term{libsnark}}
\newcommand{\memo}{\term{memo field}}
\newcommand{\memos}{\term{memo fields}}
\newcommand{\Memos}{\titleterm{Memo Fields}}
\newcommand{\keyAgreementScheme}{\term{key agreement scheme}}
\newcommand{\KeyAgreement}{\titleterm{Key Agreement}}
\newcommand{\keyDerivationFunction}{\term{Key Derivation Function}}
\newcommand{\KeyDerivation}{\titleterm{Key Derivation}}
\newcommand{\encryptionScheme}{\term{encryption scheme}}
\newcommand{\symmetricEncryptionScheme}{\term{authenticated one-time symmetric encryption scheme}}
\newcommand{\SymmetricEncryption}{\titleterm{Authenticated One-Time Symmetric Encryption}}
\newcommand{\signatureScheme}{\term{signature scheme}}
\newcommand{\pseudoRandomFunction}{\term{Pseudo Random Function}}
\newcommand{\pseudoRandomFunctions}{\term{Pseudo Random Functions}}
\newcommand{\PseudoRandomFunctions}{\titleterm{Pseudo Random Functions}}
% conventions
\newcommand{\bytes}[1]{\underline{\raisebox{-0.22ex}{}\smash{#1}}}
\newcommand{\zeros}[1]{[0]^{#1}}
\newcommand{\bit}{\mathbb{B}}
\newcommand{\Nat}{\mathbb{N}}
\newcommand{\PosInt}{\mathbb{N}^+}
\newcommand{\Rat}{\mathbb{Q}}
\newcommand{\typeexp}[2]{{#1}\vphantom{)}^{[{#2}]}}
\newcommand{\bitseq}[1]{\typeexp{\bit}{#1}}
\newcommand{\byteseqs}{\typeexp{\bit}{8\mult\Nat}}
\newcommand{\concatbits}{\mathsf{concat}_\bit}
\newcommand{\listcomp}[1]{[~{#1}~]}
\newcommand{\for}{\text{ for }}
\newcommand{\from}{\text{ from }}
\newcommand{\upto}{\text{ up to }}
\newcommand{\downto}{\text{ down to }}
\newcommand{\squash}{\!\!\!}
\newcommand{\caseif}{\squash\text{if }}
\newcommand{\caseotherwise}{\squash\text{otherwise}}
\newcommand{\sorted}{\mathsf{sorted}}
\newcommand{\length}{\mathsf{length}}
\newcommand{\mean}{\mathsf{mean}}
\newcommand{\median}{\mathsf{median}}
\newcommand{\clamp}[2]{\mathsf{clamp\,}_{#1}^{#2}}
\newcommand{\Lower}{\mathsf{lower}}
\newcommand{\Upper}{\mathsf{upper}}
\newcommand{\bitlength}{\mathsf{bitlength}}
\newcommand{\size}{\mathsf{size}}
\newcommand{\mantissa}{\mathsf{mantissa}}
\newcommand{\ToCompact}{\mathsf{ToCompact}}
\newcommand{\ToTarget}{\mathsf{ToTarget}}
\newcommand{\hexint}[1]{\mathbf{0x{#1}}}
\newcommand{\dontcare}{\kern -0.06em\raisebox{0.1ex}{\footnotesize{$\times$}}}
\newcommand{\ascii}[1]{\textbf{``\texttt{#1}"}}
\newcommand{\Justthebox}[2][-1.3ex]{\;\raisebox{#1}{\usebox{#2}}\;}
\newcommand{\hSigCRH}{\mathsf{hSigCRH}}
\newcommand{\hSigLength}{\mathsf{\ell_{hSig}}}
\newcommand{\hSigType}{\bitseq{\hSigLength}}
\newcommand{\EquihashGen}[1]{\mathsf{EquihashGen}_{#1}}
\newcommand{\CRH}{\mathsf{CRH}}
\newcommand{\CRHbox}[1]{\SHA\left(\Justthebox{#1}\right)}
\newcommand{\SHA}{\mathtt{SHA256Compress}}
\newcommand{\SHAName}{\term{SHA-256 compression}}
\newcommand{\FullHash}{\mathtt{SHA256}}
\newcommand{\FullHashName}{\mathsf{SHA\mhyphen256}}
\newcommand{\Blake}[1]{\mathsf{BLAKE2b\kern 0.05em\mhyphen{#1}}}
\newcommand{\BlakeGeneric}{\mathsf{BLAKE2b}}
\newcommand{\FullHashbox}[1]{\FullHash\left(\Justthebox{#1}\right)}
\newcommand{\setof}[1]{\{{#1}\}}
\newcommand{\range}[2]{\{{#1}\,..\,{#2}\}}
\newcommand{\minimum}{\mathsf{min}}
\newcommand{\maximum}{\mathsf{max}}
\newcommand{\floor}[1]{\mathsf{floor}\!\left({#1}\right)}
\newcommand{\trunc}[1]{\mathsf{trunc}\!\left({#1}\right)}
\newcommand{\ceiling}[1]{\mathsf{ceiling}\left({#1}\right)}
\newcommand{\vsum}[2]{\smashoperator[r]{\sum_{#1}^{#2}}}
\newcommand{\vxor}[2]{\smashoperator[r]{\bigoplus_{#1}^{#2}}}
\newcommand{\xor}{\oplus}
\newcommand{\band}{\binampersand}
\newcommand{\mult}{\cdot}
\newcommand{\rightarrowR}{\buildrel{\scriptstyle\mathrm{R}}\over\rightarrow}
\newcommand{\leftarrowR}{\buildrel{\scriptstyle\mathrm{R}}\over\leftarrow}
\newcommand{\JoinSplit}{\text{\footnotesize\texttt{JoinSplit}}}
\newcommand{\affiliation}{\hairspace$^\dagger$\;}
\newcommand{\affiliationDuke}{\hairspace$^\ddagger$\;}
\begin{document}
\title{\doctitle \\
\Large \docversion}
\author{
\Large \leadauthor\hairspace\thanks{\;duke@leto.net}
}
\date{\today}
\maketitle
\renewcommand{\abstractname}{}
\vspace{-8ex}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize \noindent \textbf{Abstract.}
\Hush originally was a source code fork of the \Zcash 1.0.8 codebase. Hush was
originally called "Zdash" and is not a chain fork, Hush mined it's own
unique genesis block.
...
\vspace{2.5ex}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:}~ \StrSubstitute[0]{\keywords}{,}{, }.
\end{abstract}
\vspace{-10ex}
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\Large\nstrut{Contents}}
\renewcommand{\contentsname}{}
% http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/182744/78411
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{0.85}\normalsize
\tableofcontents
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.0}\normalsize
\newpage
\nsection{Introduction}
\nsection{Special Thanks}
Special thanks to jl777 and the greater Komodo community for inspiring a new
generation of cypherpunks to innovate outside the constraints of Bitcoin and
Zcash core communities.
Remember, remember, the 5th Of November.
\nsection{References}
\begingroup
\hfuzz=2pt
\renewcommand{\section}[2]{}
\renewcommand{\emph}[1]{\textit{#1}}
\printbibliography
\endgroup
\end{document}

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whitepaper/v3/hush-v3.ver
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\renewcommand{\docversion}{Version }

576
whitepaper/v3/hush.bib
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@misc{Zcash,
author={Daira Hopwood},
title={Zcash Protocol Specification},
url={https://github.com/zcash/zips/blob/master/protocol/protocol.pdf},
urldate={2017-12-28}
}
@misc{Komodo,
author={superNET},
title={Komodo Platform},
url={https://komodoplatform.com},
urldate={2017-12-28}
}
@misc{BarterDEX,
author={jl777},
title={barterDEX - Atomic Swap Decentralized Exchange of Native Coins},
url={https://github.com/SuperNETorg/komodo/wiki/barterDEX-Whitepaper-v2},
urldate={2017-12-28}
}
@misc{dPOW,
author={jl777},
title={Delayed Proof of Work (dPoW)},
url={https://supernet.org/en/technology/whitepapers/delayed-proof-of-work-dpow},
urldate={2017-12-27}
}
@misc{BCG+2014,
author={Eli Ben-Sasson and Alessandro Chiesa and Christina Garman and Matthew Green and Ian Miers and Eran Tromer and Madars Virza},
title={Zerocash: Decentralized {A}nonymous {P}ayments from {B}itcoin (extended version)},
url={http://zerocash-project.org/media/pdf/zerocash-extended-20140518.pdf},
urldate={2016-08-06},
addendum={A condensed version appeared in \textsl{Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (Oakland) 2014},
pages 459--474; IEEE, 2014.}
}
@misc{BCTV2015,
author={Eli Ben-Sasson and Alessandro Chiesa and Eran Tromer and Madars Virza},
title={Succinct {N}on-{I}nteractive {Z}ero {K}nowledge for a von {N}eumann {A}rchitecture},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/879},
urldate={2016-08-21},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2013/879.
Last revised \mbox{May 19,} 2015.}
}
@misc{PGHR2013,
author={Bryan Parno and Craig Gentry and Jon Howell and Mariana Raykova},
title={Pinocchio: {N}early {P}ractical {V}erifiable {C}omputation},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/279},
urldate={2016-08-31},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2013/279. Last revised \mbox{May 13,} 2013.}
}
@misc{BCGTV2013,
author={Eli Ben-Sasson and Alessandro Chiesa and Daniel Genkin and Eran Tromer and Madars Virza},
title={{SNARK}s for {C}: {V}erifying {P}rogram {E}xecutions {S}uccinctly and in {Z}ero {K}nowledge},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/507},
urldate={2016-08-31},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2013/507.
Last revised \mbox{October 7,} 2013.},
addendum={An earlier version appeared in \textsl{Proceedings of the 33rd Annual International Cryptology Conference,
CRYPTO '13}, pages 90--108; IACR, 2013.}
}
@misc{GGPR2013,
author={Rosario Gennaro and Craig Gentry and Bryan Parno and Mariana Raykova},
title={Quadratic {S}pan {P}rograms and {S}uccinct {NIZK}s without {PCP}s},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2012/215.
Last revised \mbox{June 18,} 2012.},
addendum={Also published in \textsl{Advances in Cryptology - EUROCRYPT 2013}, Vol. 7881 pages 626--645;
Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer, 2013.},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2012/215},
urldate={2016-09-01}
}
@inproceedings{BCTV2014,
author={Eli Ben-Sasson and Alessandro Chiesa and Eran Tromer and Madars Virza},
title={Scalable {Z}ero {K}nowledge via {C}ycles of {E}lliptic {C}urves (extended version)},
booktitle={Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2014},
volume={8617},
series={Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
pages={276--294},
year={2014},
publisher={Springer},
url={https://www.cs.tau.ac.il/~tromer/papers/scalablezk-20140803.pdf},
urldate={2016-09-01}
}
@misc{BGG2016,
author={Sean Bowe and Ariel Gabizon and Matthew Green},
title={A multi-party protocol for constructing the public parameters of the {P}inocchio zk-{SNARK}},
date={2016-11-24},
url={https://github.com/zcash/mpc/blob/master/whitepaper.pdf},
urldate={2017-02-11}
}
@misc{Bitcoin,
author={Satoshi Nakamoto},
title={Bitcoin:\, {A}\, {P}eer-to-{P}eer\, {E}lectronic\, {C}ash\, {S}ystem},
date={2008-10-31},
url={https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper},
urldate={2016-08-14}
}
@misc{BK2016,
author={Alex Biryukov and Dmitry Khovratovich},
title={Equihash: {A}symmetric {P}roof-of-{W}ork {B}ased on the {G}eneralized {B}irthday {P}roblem (full version)},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/946},
urldate={2016-10-30},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2015/946.
Last revised \mbox{October 27,} 2016.}
}
@inproceedings{Bern2006,
author={Daniel Bernstein},
title={Curve25519: new {D}iffie-{H}ellman speed records},
booktitle={Public Key Cryptography - PKC 2006. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Theory and Practice in Public-Key Cryptography, New York, NY, USA, April 24-26},
publisher={Springer-Verlag},
date={2006-02-09},
url={http://cr.yp.to/papers.html#curve25519},
urldate={2016-08-14},
addendum={Document ID: 4230efdfa673480fc079449d90f322c0.}
}
@article{BDL+2012,
author={Daniel Bernstein and Niels Duif and Tanja Lange and Peter Schwabe and Bo-Yin Yang},
title={High-speed high-security signatures},
journal={Journal of Cryptographic Engineering},
volume={2},
pages={77-89},
date={2011-09-26},
url={http://cr.yp.to/papers.html#ed25519},
urldate={2016-08-14},
addendum={Document ID: a1a62a2f76d23f65d622484ddd09caf8.}
}
@misc{Zave2012,
author={Gregory M. Zaverucha},
title={Hybrid {E}ncryption in the {M}ulti-{U}ser {S}etting},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2012/159},
urldate={2016-09-24},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2012/159.
Received \mbox{March 20,} 2012.}
}
@inproceedings{Bern2005,
author={Daniel Bernstein},
title={Understanding brute force},
date={2005-04-25},
booktitle={ECRYPT STVL Workshop on Symmetric Key Encryption, eSTREAM report 2005/036},
url={https://cr.yp.to/papers.html#bruteforce},
urldate={2016-09-24},
addendum={Document ID: 73e92f5b71793b498288efe81fe55dee.}
}
@book{Unicode,
author={The Unicode Consortium},
publisher={The Unicode Consortium},
year={2016},
title={The Unicode Standard},
url={http://www.unicode.org/versions/latest/},
urldate={2016-08-31}
}
@misc{libsodium-Seal,
title={Sealed boxes \hspace{0.2em}---\hspace{0.2em} libsodium},
url={https://download.libsodium.org/doc/public-key_cryptography/sealed_boxes.html},
urldate={2016-02-01}
}
@misc{NIST2015,
author={NIST},
title={{FIPS} 180-4: Secure {H}ash {S}tandard ({SHS})},
month={August},
year={2015},
doi={10.6028/NIST.FIPS.180-4},
url={http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/PubsFIPS.html#180-4},
urldate={2016-08-14}
}
@misc{RIPEMD160,
author={Hans Dobbertin and Antoon Bosselaers and Bart Preneel},
title={{RIPEMD}-160, a strengthened version of {RIPEMD}},
url={http://homes.esat.kuleuven.be/~bosselae/ripemd160.html},
urldate={2016-09-24}
}
@misc{ANWW2013,
author={Jean-Philippe Aumasson and \;Samuel Neves and \;Zooko Wilcox-O'Hearn and
\;Christian Winnerlein},
date={2013-01-29},
title={{BLAKE2}: simpler, smaller, fast as {MD5}},
url={https://blake2.net/#sp},
urldate={2016-08-14}
}
@misc{RFC-7693,
author={Markku-Juhani Saarinen (ed.)},
title={Request for {C}omments 7693: {T}he {BLAKE2} {C}ryptographic {H}ash and
{M}essage {A}uthentication {C}ode ({MAC})},
howpublished={Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)},
date={2015-11},
url={https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7693},
urldate={2016-08-31}
}
@misc{RFC-2119,
author={Scott Bradner},
title={Request for {C}omments 7693: {K}ey words for use in {RFC}s to {I}ndicate
{R}equirement {L}evels},
howpublished={Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)},
date={1997-03},
url={https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119},
urldate={2016-09-14}
}
@misc{Cert2010,
author={Certicom Research},
title={Standards for {E}fficient {C}ryptography 2 ({SEC} 2)},
date={2010-01-27},
addendum={Version 2.0.},
url={http://www.secg.org/sec2-v2.pdf},
urldate={2016-08-14}
}
@inproceedings{MAEA2010,
author={V. Gayoso Mart{\'i}nez and F. Hern{\'a}ndez Alvarez and
L. Hern{\'a}ndez Encinas and C. S{\'a}nchez {\'A}vila},
title={A {C}omparison of the {S}tandardized {V}ersions of {ECIES}},
booktitle={Proceedings of Sixth International Conference on Information Assurance and Security,
23--25 August 2010, Atlanta, GA, USA. ISBN: 978-1-4244-7407-3},
year={2010},
pages={1-4},
publisher={IEEE},
doi={10.1109/ISIAS.2010.5604194},
url={https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/32674/1/Gayoso_A%20Comparison%20of%20the%20Standardized%20Versions%20of%20ECIES.pdf},
urldate={2016-08-14}
}
@misc{ABR1999,
author={Michel Abdalla and Mihir Bellare and Phillip Rogaway},
title={{DHAES}: {A}n {E}ncryption {S}cheme {B}ased on the {D}iffie-{H}ellman {P}roblem},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/1999/007},
urldate={2016-08-21},
date={1998-09},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 1999/007. Received \mbox{March 17,} 1999.}
}
@misc{DGKM2011,
author={Dana Dachman-Soled and Rosario Gennaro and Hugo Krawczyk and Tal Malkin},
title={Computational {E}xtractors and {P}seudorandomness},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2011/708},
urldate={2016-09-02},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2011/708. \mbox{December 28,} 2011.}
}
@misc{BDEHR2011,
author={Johannes Buchmann and Erik Dahmen and Sarah Ereth and Andreas H{\"u}lsing and Markus R{\"u}ckert},
title={On the {S}ecurity of the {W}internitz {O}ne-{T}ime {S}ignature {S}cheme (full version)},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2011/191},
urldate={2016-09-05},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2011/191.
Received \mbox{April 13,} 2011.}
}
@misc{vanS2014,
author={Nicolas van Saberhagen},
title={CryptoNote v 2.0},
note={Date disputed.},
url={https://cryptonote.org/whitepaper.pdf},
urldate={2016-08-17},
}
@misc{Bitcoin-Base58,
title={Base58{C}heck encoding --- {B}itcoin {W}iki},
url={https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Base58Check_encoding},
urldate={2016-01-26}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-secp256k1,
title={Secp256k1 --- {B}itcoin {W}iki},
url={https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Secp256k1},
urldate={2016-03-14}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-CoinJoin,
title={Coin{J}oin --- {B}itcoin {W}iki},
url={https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/CoinJoin},
urldate={2016-08-17}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-Format,
title={Raw {T}ransaction {F}ormat --- {B}itcoin {D}eveloper {R}eference},
url={https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#raw-transaction-format},
urldate={2016-03-15}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-Block,
title={Block {H}eaders --- {B}itcoin {D}eveloper {R}eference},
url={https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#block-headers},
urldate={2017-04-25}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-nBits,
title={Target n{B}its --- {B}itcoin {D}eveloper {R}eference},
url={https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#target-nbits},
urldate={2016-08-13}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-Multisig,
title={P2SH multisig (definition) --- {B}itcoin {D}eveloper {R}eference},
url={https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-guide#term-p2sh-multisig},
urldate={2016-08-19}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-P2SH,
title={P2SH (definition) --- {B}itcoin {D}eveloper {R}eference},
url={https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-guide#term-p2sh},
urldate={2016-08-24}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-P2PKH,
title={P2PKH (definition) -- {B}itcoin {D}eveloper {R}eference},
url={https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-guide#term-p2pkh},
urldate={2016-08-24}
}
@misc{Bitcoin-Protocol,
title={Protocol documentation --- {B}itcoin {W}iki},
url={https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Protocol_documentation},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-11,
author={Gavin Andresen},
title={M-of-{N} {S}tandard {T}ransactions},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 11. Created October 18, 2011},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0011.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-13,
author={Gavin Andresen},
title={Address {F}ormat for pay-to-script-hash},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 13. Created October 18, 2011},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0013.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-09-24}
}
@misc{BIP-14,
author={Amir Taaki and Patrick Strateman},
title={Protocol {V}ersion and {U}ser {A}gent},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 14. Created November 10, 2011},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0014.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-16,
author={Gavin Andresen},
title={Pay to {S}cript {H}ash},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 16. Created January 3, 2012},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0016.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-30,
author={Pieter Wuille},
title={Duplicate transactions},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 30. Created February 22, 2012},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0030.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-31,
author={Mike Hearn},
title={Pong message},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 31. Created April 11, 2012},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0031.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-32,
author={Pieter Wuille},
title={Hierarchical {D}eterministic {W}allets},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 32. Created February 11, 2012. Last updated January 15, 2014},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0032.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-09-24}
}
@misc{BIP-34,
author={Gavin Andresen},
title={Block v2, {H}eight in {C}oinbase},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 34. Created July 6, 2012},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-35,
author={Jeff Garzik},
title={mempool message},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 35. Created August 16, 2012},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0035.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-37,
author={Mike Hearn and Matt Corallo},
title={Connection Bloom filtering},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 37. Created October 24, 2012},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0037.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-61,
author={Gavin Andresen},
title={Reject P2P message},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 61. Created June 18, 2014},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0061.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-62,
author={Pieter Wuille},
title={Dealing with malleability},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 62. Withdrawn Nov\-ember 17, 2015},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0062.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-09-05}
}
@misc{BIP-65,
author={Peter Todd},
title={\ScriptOP{CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY}},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 65. Created October 10, 2014},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0065.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-66,
author={Pieter Wuille},
title={Strict {DER} signatures},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 66. Created January 10, 2015},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0066.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-10-02}
}
@misc{BIP-68,
author={Mark Friedenbach and BtcDrak and Nicolas Dorier and kinoshitajona},
title={Relative lock-time using con\-sensus-enforced sequence numbers},
howpublished={Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 68. Last revised November 21, 2015},
url={https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0068.mediawiki},
urldate={2016-09-02}
}
@misc{DigiByte-PoW,
author={DigiByte Core Developers},
title={DigiSpeed 4.0.0 source code, functions GetNextWorkRequiredV3/4 in src/main.cpp as of commit 178e134},
url={https://github.com/digibyte/digibyte/blob/178e1348a67d9624db328062397fde0de03fe388/src/main.cpp#L1587},
urldate={2017-01-20}
}
@misc{GitHub-mpc,
author={Sean Bowe and Ariel Gabizon and Matthew Green},
title={GitHub repository `\hairspace zcash/mpc'\hairspace: zk-SNARK parameter multi-party computation protocol},
url={https://github.com/zcash/mpc},
urldate={2017-01-06}
}
@misc{ZcashIssue-2113,
author={Simon Liu},
title={GitHub repository `\hairspace zcash/zcash'\hairspace: Issue 2113},
url={https://github.com/zcash/zcash/issues/2113},
urldate={2017-02-20}
}
@book{IEEE2000,
author={IEEE Computer Society},
publisher={IEEE},
date={2000-08-29},
title={IEEE {S}td 1363-2000: {S}tandard {S}pecifications for {P}ublic-{K}ey {C}ryptography},
url={http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=7168},
urldate={2016-08-03},
doi={10.1109/IEEESTD.2000.92292}
}
@book{IEEE2004,
author={IEEE Computer Society},
publisher={IEEE},
date={2004-09-02},
title={IEEE {S}td 1363a-2004: {S}tandard {S}pecifications for {P}ublic-{K}ey {C}ryptography --
{A}mendment 1: {A}dditional {T}echniques},
url={http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=9276},
urldate={2016-08-03},
doi={10.1109/IEEESTD.2004.94612}
}
@misc{libsnark-fork,
title={libsnark: {C}++ library for {zkSNARK} proofs (Zcash fork)},
url={https://github.com/zcash/libsnark},
urldate={2016-08-14}
}
@misc{RFC-7539,
author={Yoav Nir and Adam Langley},
title={Request for {C}omments 7539: Cha{C}ha20 and {P}oly1305 for {IETF} {P}rotocols},
howpublished={Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)},
date={2015-05},
url={https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7539},
urldate={2016-09-02},
addendum={As modified by verified errata at \url{https://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?rfc=7539}
(visited on 2016-09-02).}
}
@misc{BN2007,
author={Mihir Bellare and Chanathip Namprempre},
title={Authenticated {E}ncryption: {R}elations among notions and analysis of the
generic composition paradigm},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2000/025},
urldate={2016-09-02},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2000/025. Last revised \mbox{July 14,} 2007.}
}
@misc{BBDP2001,
author={Mihir Bellare and Alexandra Boldyreva and Anand Desai and David Pointcheval},
title={Key-{P}rivacy in {P}ublic-{K}ey {E}ncryption},
addendum={Full version.},
month={September},
year={2001},
url={https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~mihir/papers/anonenc.html},
urldate={2016-08-14}
}
@book{LG2004,
author={Eddie Lenihan and Carolyn Eve Green},
title={Meeting the {O}ther {C}rowd: {T}he {F}airy {S}tories of {H}idden {I}reland},
month={February},
year={2004},
publisher={TarcherPerigee},
pages={109-110},
isbn={1-58542-206-1}
}
@misc{GGM2016,
author={Christina Garman\; and \;Matthew Green\; and \;Ian Miers},
title={Accountable\, {P}rivacy\, for\, {D}ecentralized\, {A}nonymous\, {P}ayments},
howpublished={Cryptology ePrint Archive: Report 2016/061. Last revised \mbox{January 24,} 2016},
url={https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/061},
urldate={2016-09-02}
}
@misc{WG2016,
author={Zooko Wilcox and Jack Grigg},
title={Why {E}quihash?},
howpublished={Zcash blog},
date={2016-04-15},
url={https://z.cash/blog/why-equihash.html},
urldate={2016-08-05}
}
@misc{HW2016,
author={Taylor Hornby\; and \;Zooko Wilcox},
title={Fixing\, {V}ulnerabilities\, in\, the\, {Z}cash\, {P}rotocol},
howpublished={Zcash blog},
date={2016-04-25},
url={https://z.cash/blog/fixing-zcash-vulns.html},
urldate={2016-06-22}
}
@misc{EWD-831,
author={Edsger W. Dijkstra},
title={Why\, numbering\, should\, start\, at\, zero},
howpublished={\;Manuscript},
date={1982-08-11},
url={https://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/EWD/transcriptions/EWD08xx/EWD831.html},
urldate={2016-08-09}
}
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